含动名词之句型

Thinking correctly is …

结构︰

动名词＋副词（或名词）＋单数动词＋…。

说明︰

此句型意为“做某事是…的”。<动名词>在文法上具有<动词>与<名词>的双重性质，故<动名词>可以像<名词>一样充当<主词>；又因<动名词>当<主词>时，用于指“某一件事”，属于第三人称单数，故取单数<动词>。

  1. Thinking correctly is important.    思考正确是重要的。
  3. Living in the big city is convenient.    住在大城市是方便的。
  5. Reading good books makes us happy.    阅读好书使得我们快乐。

… without + N/V-ing …

结构︰

主词＋动词＋…without＋名词／动名词…。

说明︰

此句型意为“<主词>没有（不用）…”。without 当“没有；不用；假如没有；当…不”解，是<介系词>，后面接<名词>（<代名词>）或<动名词>，用法相当于“and … not”或“if（when）…not＋<动词>”。

  1. I can’t start a fire without matches.    我没有火柴不能点火。
  3. We won’t go without you joining it.    你没有参加的话我们就不去了。
  5. You can’t see the movie without the ticket.    你没有票，不能看电影。
  7. He went to school without breakfast. (=He went to school and did not eat breakfast.)
  9.   他没吃早饭就去上学了。

I like + V-ing …

结构︰

主词＋及物动词＋动名词（当受词）＋…。

说明︰

此句型意为“某人…做某事”。下列的<及物动词>后面，常接<动名词>当<受词>：like，love， hate，begin，start，try，enjoy，mind，practise。

  1. I like doing my homework.    我喜欢做我的家庭作业。
  3. He loves listening to music.    他喜欢听音乐。
  5. The boys hate doing homework on Sundays.   男孩们讨厌在星期日做家庭作业。

cannot help + V-ing …

结构︰

主词＋cannot help＋动名词

说明︰

此句型意为“不得…，不禁…”。这里的 help 作“抗拒”或“避免”解，此时一定要用<动名词作受词>，相当于“<主词>＋cannot but／cannot help but＋原形<动词>”。

  1. He cannot help loving Mary because of her beauty.   因为玛丽长得美，他不禁爱上她。
  3. Whenever I hear the story, I cannot help crying.  每次我听这故事，就忍不住要哭。
  5. After learning of his sufferings, I couldn’t help sympathizing with him.
  7.   得知他痛苦的遭遇后，我忍不住同情他。
  9. I cannot help laughing.    我忍不住笑出来。
  11. I cannot help being poor.   我是穷，可是没有办法呀！
  13. I cannot help wondering about that girl.   我不免对那个女孩感到惊奇。
  15. I cannot help worrying to hear that there is no steamer this week.
  17.   我听到本周没有船的消息，禁不住担忧起来。

There is no + V-ing …

结构︰

There is no＋动名词…

说明︰

此句型意为“做…是不可能的”。等于“It is impossible to＋原形<动词>”或“No one can＋原形<动词>”。

  1. There is no accounting for tastes.    人各有所好。
  3. There was no telling what the next assignment would be.  不晓得下一个任务将是什么。
  5. There is no reasoning with such a stubborn man as Peter.
  7.   跟彼得这种固执的人讲理简直是不可能的事。
  9. There is no denying that Taiwan is a beautiful island.台湾是座美丽的岛屿，这是不可否认的。
  11. There is no describing the beauty of the scene.  谁都无法形容这景色的美丽。
  13. There is no typing up this letter within five minutes.  不可能在五分钟内打完这封信。

feel like + V-ing …

结构︰

feel like＋动名词

说明︰

此句型意为“想要…”。like 是<介系词>，故之后要接<名词>或<动名词>。当接<动名词>时，解释为“想要做…”，相当于“would like to＋原形<动词>”；接<名词>时，解释为“感觉像…”。

  1. I don’t feel like studying tonight.   我今晚不想念书。
  3. I feel like going to Europe for a visit next summer vacation.我好想明年暑假去一趟欧洲。
  5. Do you feel like going to a movie?   你想看电影吗？
  7. I feel like a newborn baby.   我感觉像是个新生的婴儿。

… come near + V-ing …

结构︰

主词＋come near＋动名词

说明︰

此句型意为“几乎去做…”。near 后跟<动名词>。

  1. It came near being the prettiest bow he had ever seen.那几乎是他所见过最漂亮的一只果盆。
  3. I came near hitting him.   我几乎揍他。
  5. They came near being drowned.    他们几乎被水淹死。
  7. My son came near being run over by a truck.   我的儿子差点被大卡车辗过。

… worth + V-ing …

结构︰

worth＋动名词

说明︰

此句型意为“值得…”。worth 是<介系词>，使用时要用<名词>或<动名词>做<受词>，形成<介系词词组>，当 <形容词>用。worth 之后接<动名词>时，<主词>必须为该<动名词>之<受词>，否则<动名词>之后须另加<介系词>，使<主词>做其<受词>。这种<句型>不可用虚<主词> it 做<主词>。

  1. London is a city worth visiting.    伦敦是值得参观的城市。
  3. He who does his duty is worth praising.    凡是忠于职守的人都值得赞扬。
  5. A book worth reading once is worth reading time and time again.
  7.   值得一看的书值得一看再看。
  9. The work is worth doing.    这个工作值得去做。
  11. He is worth doing the work for.    值得为他去做这份工作。

be worthy of + V-ing

结构︰

be worthy of＋动名词

说明︰

此句型意为“值得…”。等于“be worthy＋to be＋过去<分词>”。worthy 是<形容词>，也引导<形容词词组>；同 worth 一样，使用 worthy 时，不可用虚<主词> it 做<主词>。

  1. This book is worthy of reading.   这本书值得一读。
  3. He who does his duty is worthy of praising.   凡是忠于职守的人都值得奖励。
  5. The event is worthy of being remembered.   那事件是值得记忆的。

On/Upon + V-ing …

结构︰

On／Upon＋动名词…

说明︰

此句型意为“一…就…”。相当于 once 引导的<副词子句>。on 后面所跟的<动词>的动作执行者必须与<主要子句>的一致。

  1. Upon reaching an appropriate age, children are encouraged, but not forced, to “leave the nest”.   一达到适当的年龄，孩子们就被鼓励，而不是被强迫，“离开老窝”。
  3. On entering the classroom, I found a book lying on the floor.
  5.    一走进教室，我就发现一本书丢在地上。
  7. Upon receiving your letter, I was as happy as could be. 一收到你的信，我非常高兴。

before + V-ing …

结构︰

before + 动名词 …

说明︰

此句型意为“在…之前”。before 后面动作的执行者，应该与<主要子句>中的动作执行者一致。

  1. Before entering a house in some Asian countries, it is good manners to take off your shoes.
  3.   在某些亚洲的国家，进屋子之前脱下鞋子才是有礼貌的。
  5. Before reading the book, you had better ask yourself if you have the time.
  7.   在读这本书之前，你最好问问自己是否有时间。
  9. Before visiting him, I called him up in advance.   在拜访他之前，我先打电话给他。

of one’s own + V-ing

结构︰

of one’s own＋动名词

说明︰

此句型意为“由某人亲自所…的”。本<词组>为<形容词词组>，置于<名词>之后，做后位<修饰语>。

  1. This is a picture of his own painting.  这是他的亲笔画。
  3. This is a coat of her own making.  这是她亲手做的外衣。
  5. I least expected that this should be a house of his own constructing.
  7.    我怎么也没想到这房子是他自己造的。

keep … from + V-ing

结构︰

主词＋keep／prevent／stop／discourage＋受词＋from＋动名词

说明︰

此句型意为“防止…／阻止…／使…不能…／劝阻某人不要…”。有时把 from 省略。

  1. It will take everybody’s efforts to keep city noises from increasing.
  3.   那是需要每个人的努力来防止都市噪音的增加。
  5. The rain kept us from getting there on time.   那场雨使我们不能准时到达那里。
  7. They should try to keep prices from rising.  他们应该设法阻止价钱上涨。
  9. Sometimes we can prevent a cloud from producing rain.  有时我们可以阻止云产生雨。
  11. Nobody can prevent him from running the risk.  没有人能够阻止他去冒险。
  13. The bad weather prevented us from getting there on time.
  15.    恶劣的天气阻止了我们准时到达那里。
  17. They didn’t even try to stop him getting it.  他们甚至没有试图去阻止他得到它。
  19. You should have stopped him from going swimming.   你本来应该阻止他去游泳。
  21. A strong will will stop one from committing a crime. 强烈的意志会阻止一个人去犯罪。
  23. Even his closest friends discouraged him from seeking higher office.
  25.   甚至他最知己的朋友也劝阻他去寻求更高的职位。
  27. He was discouraged from making another attempt.  他受劝阻去做另一次的尝试。

I remember + V-ing …

结构︰

主词＋remember＋动名词

说明︰

此句型意为“记得曾做…”。“remember＋<动名词>”是指现在记得以前曾经做过某事，而“remember＋to-<不定词>”是指“记住要做某事”。forget，regret 的情形和 remember 也有大致相同的区别。

  1. I remember feeling that God, or someone, had brought us together.
  3.   我记得感到上帝或某人把我们凑合在一起。
  5. Do you remember taking a trip to Japan with him?   你记得曾经和他到日本旅行吗？
  7. I can’t remember quarreling with him in junior high school. 我不记得国中时和他吵过架。
  9. I’ll remember to mail these letters.  我会记着寄这些信的。

… one’s + V-ing …

结构︰

所有格＋动名词

说明︰

<动名词>之意义上的<主词>是放在<动名词>前面的<名词>(<代名词>)，原则上是以<所有格>出现。但在口语中经常以受格出现，尤其美语此种倾向更强。<动名词>意义上的<主词>若非“人”时，则不必变成<所有格>。

  1. She is not sure of his answering her letter.   她无法确定他是否会回信给她。
  3. I prefer John’s playing tennis to his playing cards.  我宁愿约翰打网球而不玩朴克牌。
  5. I dislike my mother’s interfering in the affair.  我不喜欢母亲介入这件事。
  7. Our teacher didn’t mind my coming in late.  老师对于我的迟到并不在意。
  9. Would you mind my opening the window?  你介意我开窗吗？
  11. I remember our meeting ten years ago.  我记得十年前我们会见过。
  13. My father doesn’t like my/me going out alone.  我父亲不喜欢我单独出门。
  15. I dislike my house being too small.  我不喜欢我的房子太小。

… be busy V-ing …

结构︰

be busy＋动名词

说明︰

此句型意为“忙着做…”。等于“be busy with＋<名词>”。

  1. Mother is busy making cookies for the picnic.  母亲正忙着为野餐做饼干。
  3. He was busy preparing for the exam.  他忙着准备考试。
  5. I was busy looking up all the new words of the lesson in my dictionary.
  7.    我忙着在字典里查本课所有的生字。

… be used to + V-ing/N

结构︰

主词＋be used to／be accustomed to＋动名词／名词

说明︰

此句型意为“习惯于…”。“<主词>＋used to-<不定词>”是“过去常常…”；而“物＋be used to-<不定词>”则是“被用来…”的意思。

  1. The winter was much colder than they were used to and many people died.
  3.   那年冬天比他们所习惯的更为寒冷，因而很多人死亡。
  5. He is used to sitting up late.    他习惯熬夜。
  7. Are you used to the weather in Taipei?   你习惯台北的天气吗？
  9. He is accustomed to hearing noise, because he lives right in the of the city.
  11.    他住在市中心，所以已经习惯于噪音了。

be on the point of + V-ing

结构︰

be on／upon the point／verge of＋动名词／名词…

说明︰

此句型意为“正要…”。相当于“be just about to …”。

  1. It started raining when I was on the point of leaving home.我正要离开家的时候开始下雨了。
  3. On being sent to hospital, he was on the point of breathing his last.
  5.    他被送到医院的时候已经奄奄一息了。
  7. He was on the point of death.   他濒临死亡。
  9. She was on the verge of telling all the secret.  她正想把全部的秘密讲给我听。

make a point of + V-ing

结构︰

主词＋make a point of＋动名词

说明︰

此句型意为“一定…；认为有必要…”。本<句型>也可以写成“<主词>＋make it a point／rule＋to-<不定词>”。

  1. I make a point of giving a hand to others.   我一定对别人伸出援助的手。
  3. Whenever I go to Taipei, I make a point of visiting the National Palace Museum.
  5.   不论何时我到台北，我一定去参观故宫博物院。
  7. They make a point of going on a picnic every two weeks.他们一定每两个星期去野餐一次。

to the point of V-ing …

结构︰

…to the point of＋动名词…

说明︰

此句型意为“到…的程度”。

  1. To regret one’s errors to the point of not repeating them is true repentance.
  3.    对自己的错误后悔到不致重犯的程度是真正的后悔。
  5. She hates him to the point of not talking to him.   她讨厌他到不和他讲话的程度。
  7. They argued to the point of fighting with each other.  他们争吵到打架的程度。

do a little + V-ing

结构︰

do＋a lot of／a little／any／the＋动名词

说明︰

此句型意为“做…”。可以用 a lot of（许多），a little（＝some 一些），any（任何的），the 等字。

  1. I can do a little dancing.   我可以做一点舞蹈动作。
  3. She helped her mother do the washing.   她帮她妈妈做清洗的工作。
  5. He has done a lot of traveling.  他做了很多的旅行。

with the + V-ing of + N

结构︰

with＋the＋动名词＋of＋名词

说明︰

此句型意为“随着的…”。若<动名词>有相对的<名词>，则用<动名词>或<名词>都可以。

  1. With the coming of Easter, winter ends and spring comes.

随着复活节的来临，冬天结束而春天来了。

  1. With the inventing of the computer, society seems to have changed greatly.
  3.   随着计算机的发明，社会似乎已经大大地改变了。
  5. With the setting of the sun, night comes silently.  随着太阳的落下，夜晚悄悄地来到。

spend … (in) V-ing

结构︰

主词（人）＋spend＋时间＋（in）＋动名词…

说明︰

此句型意为“…花／用若干时间做…”。要用人做<主词>。等于“It takes＋时间＋to-<不定词>”。

  1. He spent his last years (in) teaching and editing earlier writings.
  3.   他把晚年用在教书和编纂以前的著作。
  5. How much time do you spend practicing English everyday?
  7.   你每天花多少时间练习英文？
  9. He is going to spend his last years writing a book on the history of Chinese literature.
  11.   他打算用晚年写一本中国文学史。
  13. She spends too much time (in) dressing herself.    她用太多的时间装扮自己。
  15. He spent much of his spare time roaming about the streets.他把大部分的闲暇时间用来逛街。

prefer V-ing/N to V-ing/N

结构︰

主词＋prefer＋动名词／名词…to＋动名词／名词…

说明︰

此句型意为“宁可…而不愿…；喜欢…而不喜欢…”。<动名词>的位置可以换成<名词>。

  1. In the U.S., people prefer waiting for a table to sitting with people they don’t know.
  3.   在美国，人们宁可等着空的桌子，而不愿和不认识的人坐在一起。
  5. Some people prefer sitting up to going to bed early.  有些人宁可熬夜，而不早睡。
  7. He said he preferred country life to city life. 他说他喜欢乡下生活，而不喜欢都市生活。

when it comes to + V-ing

结构︰

…when it comes to＋动名词／名词

说明︰

此句型意为“…一谈到…”。请注意 to 是<介系词>，后跟<动名词>，有时也可跟<名词>。

  1. Their memory wasn’t very good when it came to recalling other things, but they remembered the comet.   一谈到别的事情时，他们的记性并不是很好，但他们却记得彗星。
  3. When it comes to making friends, you cannot be too careful.
  5.   一谈到交朋友，你再怎么小心也不为过。
  7. When it came to the summer vacation, we all became excited.

一谈到暑假，我们大家都变兴奋了。

the + V-ing + of + N …

结构︰

the＋动名词＋of＋名词…

说明︰

本结构在句中充当<主词>，述词或<受词>。

  1. The actual cause of the quake itself is the rupturing or breaking of rocks at or below the earth’s surface.  地震本身的真正原因是地球表面的或地底下的岩石断裂或破裂。
  3. The building of the bridge is very important for the transportation between the two towns.
  5.   这座桥的建造对这两个镇的交通很重要。
  7. The breaking of his right leg made him walk on crutches only.

他右脚的折断使他只有靠拐杖走路。

be all for + V-ing …

结构︰

主词＋be all for＋动名词…

说明︰

此句型意为“尽其所能地…”。等于 try one’s best to do sth。

  1. I was all for calling on each of these ladies.   我尽量去拜访每一位女士。
  3. He is praised for his being all for helping the poor.  他因尽力帮助穷人受到了赞美。
  5. I am all for jogging early in the morning.  我尽可能一大早慢跑。